Oceanography- The study of Oceans.
National Institute of Oceanography headquartered at Panaji, Goa.
Formed on 1966 June 1.
Fathometer is an instrument to measure the depth of Oceans.
1 Fathom- 6 feet.
Ecosounder- instrument to measure ocean depth using sound waves.
Sonar is used to locate fish wealth.
Nautical mile to measure Ocean distance.
1 Nautical mile- 1.852 m.
Knott- unit to measure ship speed.
June 8- International Ocean Day.
UN celebrated 1998 as World Ocean Year.
Cape town - Lodge in the Ocean.
Stockholm- Beauty of Ocean.
1000 gm water contain 35 gm (3.5%).
Most abundant salt- Sodium chloride
2nd Magnesium chloride.
Ocean surface temperature is 2℃ to 33℃.
Canada- country with the longest sea line.
Monaco- country with least sea line.
Gujarat- most sea line state in India.
Goa- least sea line state in India.
Kannur - most sea line district in Kerala.
Kollam- least sea line district in Kerala.
Cherthala- Taluk with most sea line in Kerala.
Tsunami- a Japanese word meant port waves.
Pacific Ocean ;--------------
Largest Ocean located b/w Western coastlines of American continents & Eastern coastlines of Asia & Africa.Covers 46% of total water surface on earth.
Ocean with triangular shape with average depth 4000m.
Challenger Cave in Mariana trench(North Pacific) is the earth deepest cave
(11033 m). In 1875 British survey ship, HMS Challenger discovered the cave. In 1960, January 23 Jacques Picard(Swiss) & Don Walsh (US) reached the cave.
El Nino, La Nina- Pacific weather phenomena. It happens on the shores of Peru.
Vasco da Balbo- 1st to record about this ocean & named 'Mar del sur'(south ocean) in 1513.
Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 named the Ocean Pacific(peaceful).
North- Artic, South - Atlantic Ocean. W- Asia, Australia, E- America.
National Institute of Oceanography headquartered at Panaji, Goa.
Formed on 1966 June 1.
Fathometer is an instrument to measure the depth of Oceans.
1 Fathom- 6 feet.
Ecosounder- instrument to measure ocean depth using sound waves.
Sonar is used to locate fish wealth.
Nautical mile to measure Ocean distance.
1 Nautical mile- 1.852 m.
Knott- unit to measure ship speed.
June 8- International Ocean Day.
UN celebrated 1998 as World Ocean Year.
Cape town - Lodge in the Ocean.
Stockholm- Beauty of Ocean.
1000 gm water contain 35 gm (3.5%).
Most abundant salt- Sodium chloride
2nd Magnesium chloride.
Ocean surface temperature is 2℃ to 33℃.
Canada- country with the longest sea line.
Monaco- country with least sea line.
Gujarat- most sea line state in India.
Goa- least sea line state in India.
Kannur - most sea line district in Kerala.
Kollam- least sea line district in Kerala.
Cherthala- Taluk with most sea line in Kerala.
Tsunami- a Japanese word meant port waves.
Pacific Ocean ;--------------
Largest Ocean located b/w Western coastlines of American continents & Eastern coastlines of Asia & Africa.Covers 46% of total water surface on earth.
Ocean with triangular shape with average depth 4000m.
Challenger Cave in Mariana trench(North Pacific) is the earth deepest cave
(11033 m). In 1875 British survey ship, HMS Challenger discovered the cave. In 1960, January 23 Jacques Picard(Swiss) & Don Walsh (US) reached the cave.
El Nino, La Nina- Pacific weather phenomena. It happens on the shores of Peru.
Vasco da Balbo- 1st to record about this ocean & named 'Mar del sur'(south ocean) in 1513.
Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 named the Ocean Pacific(peaceful).
North- Artic, South - Atlantic Ocean. W- Asia, Australia, E- America.
Pacific has the most islands & volcanos.
Volcanic zone is called 'ring zone' (circle of fire).
Hawaii- largest volcanic island (50th American state).
Pacific has the largest shoreline, the most peaceful.
Pacific contains approx. 20,000 islands.
International Date Line is an imaginary line on Earth's surface runs from N to S pole demarcating one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of Pacific Ocean.
Atlantic Ocean ;-----------
2nd largest ocean consists of Mediterranean sea, Caribbean sea, Baltic sea & Gulf of Mexico.
North- Artic, South- Antarctic seas.
North Atlantic Sea called 'Herring pond'.
Sargasso Sea is in North Atlantic Ocean with no land border. Sea well known for Brown Sargassum seaweed.
Up to 15th century, Indian & Eastern Atlantic were the only known voyages seas in the world, route of spice trade & colonization.
Home to lot of marine species.
Sperm whale - largest living toothed animal.
Equator divides the ocean into North Atlantic (water circulation clockwise) & South Atlantic (water circulation anticlockwise)- Coriolis Effect.
Area north of equator b/w Africa & South America called Central Atlantic.
Saltiest water, salinity contributed by evaporation, precipitation, river inflow, sea ice melting.
West - America, East- Africa, Europe.
Indian Ocean ;----------
3rd largest Ocean(20% of world water).
It's the youngest of the major oceans, major sea route connecting Africa, Middle east, East Asia with Americas & Europe.
About 40% of world's offshore old production is from Indian Ocean.
Warm ocean, less Phytoplanktons.
It has large number of bays, gulfs & straits.
Mumbai port, Singapore port- busy ports.
Atlantic & Indian Oceans divided by Cape Agulhas.
Antarctic Ocean(Southern) ;------------
4th largest ocean located near south pole.
Significant influence on Earth's weather pattern. Joins waters of Pacific, Atlantic & Indian Oceans with a persistent easterly current.
Volcanic zone is called 'ring zone' (circle of fire).
Hawaii- largest volcanic island (50th American state).
Pacific has the largest shoreline, the most peaceful.
Pacific contains approx. 20,000 islands.
International Date Line is an imaginary line on Earth's surface runs from N to S pole demarcating one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of Pacific Ocean.
Atlantic Ocean ;-----------
2nd largest ocean consists of Mediterranean sea, Caribbean sea, Baltic sea & Gulf of Mexico.
North- Artic, South- Antarctic seas.
North Atlantic Sea called 'Herring pond'.
Sargasso Sea is in North Atlantic Ocean with no land border. Sea well known for Brown Sargassum seaweed.
Up to 15th century, Indian & Eastern Atlantic were the only known voyages seas in the world, route of spice trade & colonization.
Home to lot of marine species.
Sperm whale - largest living toothed animal.
Equator divides the ocean into North Atlantic (water circulation clockwise) & South Atlantic (water circulation anticlockwise)- Coriolis Effect.
Area north of equator b/w Africa & South America called Central Atlantic.
Saltiest water, salinity contributed by evaporation, precipitation, river inflow, sea ice melting.
West - America, East- Africa, Europe.
Indian Ocean ;----------
3rd largest Ocean(20% of world water).
It's the youngest of the major oceans, major sea route connecting Africa, Middle east, East Asia with Americas & Europe.
About 40% of world's offshore old production is from Indian Ocean.
Warm ocean, less Phytoplanktons.
It has large number of bays, gulfs & straits.
Mumbai port, Singapore port- busy ports.
Atlantic & Indian Oceans divided by Cape Agulhas.
Antarctic Ocean(Southern) ;------------
4th largest ocean located near south pole.
Significant influence on Earth's weather pattern. Joins waters of Pacific, Atlantic & Indian Oceans with a persistent easterly current.
Youngest ocean with no ports.
The cold northward flowing waters in Antarctic mix with the warmer waters of sub-Antarctic in the ocean zone.
3/4th of the world's whale hunting happen here
Artic Ocean ;------------
Smallest & shallowest of all Oceans.
Includes Hudson bay, the North sea, Barents sea. Most of the time during the year it is covered with thick ice, which freezes & melts periodically.
The deep sea north polar basin is divided into Amerasian basin & Eurasian basin, by the Lomonosov ridge & underwater bridge in Artic Ocean.
Deepest point is the Like Deep in Eurasian basin.
Houses a number of endangered marine species.
India's 1st research centre here is called 'Himadri'- Inaugurated in 2008, July 1.
It works under National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research.
Beaufort Sea & Chukchi Sea are marginal Seas.
The cold northward flowing waters in Antarctic mix with the warmer waters of sub-Antarctic in the ocean zone.
3/4th of the world's whale hunting happen here
Artic Ocean ;------------
Smallest & shallowest of all Oceans.
Includes Hudson bay, the North sea, Barents sea. Most of the time during the year it is covered with thick ice, which freezes & melts periodically.
The deep sea north polar basin is divided into Amerasian basin & Eurasian basin, by the Lomonosov ridge & underwater bridge in Artic Ocean.
Deepest point is the Like Deep in Eurasian basin.
Houses a number of endangered marine species.
India's 1st research centre here is called 'Himadri'- Inaugurated in 2008, July 1.
It works under National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research.
Beaufort Sea & Chukchi Sea are marginal Seas.
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